Carburetor for internal combustion engines supplied with heavy oil



Feb. 16, 1932.

J; M. A. GOINARD Original Filed Nov. 11, 1925 FY/Y 83 2 W /Q- @ol vmwf I lNvfiNTd/k Fatented Feb, 16, 1932 JOSEPH MARIE ABSENE GOIN'ABD, OF COLOMIBES; FRANCE OABBURETOB FOB. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES SUPPLIED WITH OIL ori inal application filed November-11, 1925, Serial in. 68,397, and in France November 16, 1924's Divided and this application filed August 30, 1929. Serial No.'389,508.

The present specification, which is a division of my copending application No. 68,397 filed November 11, 1925, relates to a modified embodiment of a carburetor of the type described and broadly claimed in the above mentioned patent application.

An object of the invention is to provide a vaporizing carburetor of the above mentioned kind, which may be applied to engines wherein the valves are disposed at the upper end of the cylinder and are controlled by a. rocker-arm. In said engines, which are generally very elficient in operation, it becomes difiicult to properly cool the valves,

whence a drawback will result. The present invention aims to cool the valve by means of the flow of fuel itself which in turn, will be heated by the heat recovered from said valve. For this purpose the vaporizing carburetor is arranged within the body of the valve itself. 4

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the details of construction and in the arrangement and combination of parts to be hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The invention will be now specified with reference to the appended drawing, showing solely by way of example, a preferred embodiment of the invention and in which:

The figure is a longitudinal section of a completely assembled carburetor arranged in the body and stem of an exhaust valve and placed in position on an internal combustion engine. 4

In this arrangement, the valve stem is pierced upon its whole length with a conduit 61 whose diameter is increased at the upper part at 62.for the insertion of the fuel inlet conduit 63. The oil is supplied by the conduit 64 and the gasoline by the conduit 65.

- The conduit 61 ends at the bottom in a chamber 66 which serves as a recipient for the liquid wherebythe latter will be heated. For

this reason, said chamber will be called thereafter a preheating chamber. The conduit 61.is traversed throughout the whole length by a rod 67 having at the top a head 68 coacting with the cam 35 adapted for hand conflow through the annular channels 78 and 61 downwardly,

trol, and at the bottom a needle 69 coacting with the seating 70 in the member 71 which is secured in the main body of the valve 72 by the nut 710. In the said nut are formed various holes for the discharge of the fuel 55 and the additional air which enterthrough the conduits 7 3 and become heated when circulating along the said valve stem.

A. ball 74: is movable in the space 7 5, and serves to close the conduit 7 0 during the compression, expansion and exhaust strokes.

- The air inlets 7 3 may cooperate with the vents 76-adjusted by the screws 7 7-which communicate with the exhaust conduit whereby the fuel can be better atomized within the space or so called difi'using chamber by reason of the fuel being spread into a flowing film surrounding the top of the ball 74 when the latter is sucked down and the air being discharged on this film all around the ball through the vents 76. a

The rod 67 is used also for controlling the opening and the closing of the conduit 78 and for this purpose it is provided with a tapered stop-piece 7 9 riveted thereto.- By axially adjusting the rod 67, the supply of fuel through the conduitv 61 may be regulated at will. The valve head is provided with a cylindrical extension 81 into which is screwed the vaporizing device which is apertured at 83 and comprises the internal and external flanges 84. In the illustrated example where the valve is an exhaust one, the valve head and optionally the valve stem are provided within the exhaust manifold with ribs for recovering part of the heat carried out by the exhaust gases.

The operation is as follows: To start the engine, the communicatio between the oil tank and the conduit 64 is cut off and the gasoline thus allowed to flow from the gasoline tank through the conduit 65. The rod 67 is given the position, shown in the figure, which allows the gasoline to around the rod 67 and to fill the-chamber 66. At each suction stroke. the ball 74 is sucked thus disclosing the end of the duct 7 0, whereby the gasoline flows into the vaporizing member 82. During its flowage, 9'

the gasoline will be thoroughly atomized by falling upon the ball 74 around which is provided a supply of air through the ducts 73 and 76. The mixture of gasoline and air proceeds into the cylinder through the apertures 83 in the bottom of the vaporizin member and the air required for the com ustion of the fuel is supplied into the cylinder in a known manner, the whole mixture is then ignited by known means, such as a spark plu p After the engine has operated in this manner for one or two minutes, the apparatus be comes sufficiently heated for the transfer to heavy oil fuel; the communication between the gasoline tank and the conduit is then cut off and the oil tank is made to communicate with the conduit 64. The carburetor is now supplied withoil flowing through the conduits 64, 78 and 61. Said oil becomes heated during its fiowage through the annular conduit 61 of rather small radial dimension, whichfincreases the fluidity of the oil and furthers its fiowage; it flows more slowly through the preheating chamber 66 of greater cross-section which still further increases its temperature and therefrom proceeds at each suction stroke into the vaporizing member 82. Before enter ng said vaporizing member, it is caused to break up on the ball 74 and is mingled with the air entering through the ducts 73. On its passage through said ducts, the air becomes somewhat heated which provides for an approved carburation. Instead of communicating with the atmosphere as shown in the draw ng; the ducts 76 may open within the engine inlet.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination in an internal combustion engine, a valve, a vaporizing member carried by said valve within the cylinder, means for supplying fuel tosaid vaporizing member through said valve and its stem,

' means responsive to the pressure in'the cylinder for controlling the flow of fuel into the vaporizing member, air ducts provided within the stem of the valve longitudinally thereof, means responsive to the pressure in the cylinder for controlling the communication between said ducts and the cylinder and adjustable means for controlling at will the sec tion of passage ofithe air through said ducts.

2. In combination in an internal combus tion engine, a valve having a central bore extending throughout its body and its stem for the fuel supply, means for connecting said bore to a fuel supplying source, a plurality of longitudinal air ducts extending throughout thevalve stem and ending within vents provided through the valve body between the outer surface thereof and the central bore,

a plurality of adjustable screws, each adapted to be screwed within said vents at their outer tion engine, a valve carrying a vaporizing I member disposed within the cylinder, a diffusing chamber provided within the valve body and in communication with the inner of the vaporizing member through ports provided in a member secured to said body and adapted to hold in position a bush located within said chamber and provided with a centralopening surrounded by a seating adapted to cooperate with a ball disposed between said member and said seating, so as to open and close said opening in response to the pressure in the cylinder, means for supplying air into said diffusing chamber in response to the pressure in the cylinder, a conduit axially provided within the valve stem and communicating with said diffusing chamber through said bush, and means for yieldingly connecting said valve stem to fuel feeding means.

4. In the combination as claimed in claim 3, the furtherNfeature residing in that the fuel conduit through the valve stem has a portion of greater diameter adjacent the bush, thus forming a preheating chamber for the fuel.

5. In the combination as claimed in claim 3, the provision of an axially movable needle disposed in the valve stem conduit, so as to provide an annular channel for the flowage of the fuel, the point of said needle cooperating with the central opening of the bush in such a manner that the flowage section will be varied in response to the axial shifting of the needle, and means for axially shifting at will said needle.

6. In the combination as claimed in claim 1, the feature that the valve is an exhaust one.

7. In combination in an internal combustion engine, an exhaust valve, a vaporizing member carried by said valve within the cylinder, porizing member through said valve and its stem, said means including a longitudinal bore throughout the valve stem, the cross section of said bore being locally increased to form a preheating chamber, and means responsive to the pressure in the cylinder for controlling the admission of fuel into the vaporizing member.

8. In combination in an internal 'combustion engine, a valve, a vaporizing member carried by said valve within the cylinder,

means for supplying fuel to said Va;-

means for supplying fuel-to said vaporizing I out the valve stem, means responsive to the ressure in the cylinder for controlling the ow of fuel from said bore into the vaporiz-- for supplying fuel to said vaporizing member through said valve and its stem, means for atomizing said fuel before entering said vaporizing member, said atomizing means including a difl'using chamber connected to-said supplying means and air ducts extending longitudinally of the valve stem and opening in said diflusing chamber and means responsive to the pressure in the cylinder for controlling the admission-of atomized fuel into the vaporizing member.

10. In an internal combustionengine in-' 2g eluding a cylinder and an exhaust valve for the same, the combination therewith of a vaporizing member carried by said valve within the cylinder, means for supplying fuel to said vaporizing member through said valve, a preheating chamber for the fuel provided within said valve, means for atomizing said preheated fuel before entering the vaporlzing member, said atomizing means including a difiusin chamber connected to the outlet of said pre eating chamber and air ducts extending longitudinally of the valve and opening in said diffusing chamber, and

means responsive to the pressure in the cylinder for controlling the admission of atomized fuel into the vaporizing member.

11. In an internal combustion engine including a cylinder, an exhaust valve and an exhaust pipefor the same, the combination therewith of a vaporizing member carried by will, throttling means whereby the amount 0 fuel su plied to the engine will be controlled by t e axial dis.- placement of said. rod and a vaporizing member secured to the body of the valve on the face toward the cylinder, a plurality of longitudinal ducts adapted to be supplied with air provided within t e valve stem, said ducts bemg further adapted to be put in communication with the cylinder through the means adapted to control the fuel supply in response to the pressure within thecylinder.

13. In combination in an internal combus tion engine, a valve ha a central bore extending throughoutits y and its stem for provided on said rod,

the fuel supply, a stationary inlet member adapted to slidably, engage the outer end of said stem and to be connected to fuel supplying means, said inlet member being further provided with an inner conduit in communication with said central bore, means responsive to the pressure in the cylinder for openin and closing the outlet of said bore, an

axially movable rod centrally disposed within said bore and inlet member, whereby an annular channel for the flow of fuel is provided, throttling means provided on said rod, so as to cooperate with the inner conduit in said stationary inlet member to v'a the flowage section in response to an axia displaceduring operation of the engine for axially displacing said central rod member secured to the body of the valve on the face toward the cylinder; 1

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification;

Josnru mum; mm comm.

said valve within the cylinder, means for supj vplying fuel to saidvaporizing member through said valve, means responsive to the pressure in the cylinder for controlling the admission of fuel into the vaporizing member and heating ribs externally carried by i said valve within the exhaust pipe.

12. In combination in an internal combustion engine, a valve ha a central bore extending throughout its body and its stem for' a stationary inlet member adapted to slidably engage the outer end ofthe fuel supply,

said stem and to be connected to fuel supplying means, said inlet member being further provided with an inner conduit in communication with said central bore, means responsive to the pressure in the cylinder for opening and closing the outlet of said bore, an

axially movable rod centrally disposed within said bore and inlet member, whereby an annular channelvfor the flow of fuels is provided, means foraxially shifting said rod at anda vaporizing v 'ment of the 'rod, means actuatable at will 

